> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://books-gyansetu.gitbook.io/advanced-excel/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://books-gyansetu.gitbook.io/advanced-excel/text-functions.md).

# Text Functions - Proper, Left, Right, Concatenate, Exact, Find, Search, Mid, Replace, Text, Replace

**Text Functions**

**Excel** has many functions to offer when it comes to manipulating **text strings**.

**Proper**

Converts all characters in a supplied text string to proper case (i.e. letters that do not follow another letter are upper case and all other characters are lower case)

> **=PROPER(text)**

**Left**

Returns a specified number of characters from the start of a supplied text string

> **=LEFT(text, num\_chars)**

**Right**

Returns a specified number of characters from the end of a supplied text string

> **=RIGHT(text, num\_chars)**

**Concatenate**

Joins together two or more text strings 

> **=CONCATENATE(text1, text2, text3, ....)**

**Exact**

Tests if two supplied text strings are exactly the same and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise, returns FALSE. (case-sensitive)

> **=EXACT(text1, text2, text3, ...)**

**Find**

Returns the position of a supplied character or text string from within a supplied text string (case-sensitive)

> **=FIND(find\_text, within\_text, start\_num)**

**Search**

Returns the position of a supplied character or text string from within a supplied text string (non-case-sensitive)

> **=SEARCH(find\_text, within\_text, start\_num)**

**Mid**

Returns a specified number of characters from the middle of a supplied text string

> **=MID(text, start\_num, num\_chars)**

**Replace**

Replaces all or part of a text string with another string (from a user supplied position)

> **=REPLACE(old\_text, start\_num, num\_chars, new\_text)**

**Text**

Converts a supplied value into text, using a user-specified format

> **=TEXT(value, format\_text)**

**Value**

Converts a text string into a numeric value

> **=VALUE(text)**

**Trim**

Removes duplicate spaces, and spaces at the start and end of a text string

> **=TRIM(text)**

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Text Formula Examples
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